Selenium SOP

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Usage ​

The examples below use Selenium's own public test form at https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html so they run without any target-site credentials.

Python ​

python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get("https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html")

title = driver.title
print(title)  # "Web form"

driver.implicitly_wait(0.5)

text_box = driver.find_element(by=By.NAME, value="my-text")
submit_button = driver.find_element(by=By.CSS_SELECTOR, value="button")

text_box.send_keys("Selenium")
submit_button.click()

message = driver.find_element(by=By.ID, value="message")
print(message.text)  # "Received!"

driver.quit()

Run it:

bash
python first_script.py

Or with pytest:

bash
pytest first_script.py

JavaScript / Node.js ​

javascript
const { By, Builder, Browser } = require('selenium-webdriver');
const assert = require('assert');

(async function firstTest() {
  let driver;
  try {
    driver = await new Builder().forBrowser(Browser.CHROME).build();
    await driver.get('https://www.selenium.dev/selenium/web/web-form.html');

    let title = await driver.getTitle();
    assert.equal('Web form', title);

    await driver.manage().setTimeouts({ implicit: 500 });

    let textBox = await driver.findElement(By.name('my-text'));
    let submitButton = await driver.findElement(By.css('button'));

    await textBox.sendKeys('Selenium');
    await submitButton.click();

    let message = await driver.findElement(By.id('message'));
    let value = await message.getText();
    assert.equal('Received!', value);
  } catch (e) {
    console.log(e);
  } finally {
    await driver.quit();
  }
})();

Run it:

bash
node first_script.js

Headless Chrome (Python) ​

To run without a visible browser window, set the headless option before creating the driver:

python
from selenium import webdriver

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument("--headless=new")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

Notes ​

  • implicitly_wait tells WebDriver to poll the DOM for up to N seconds when locating elements. It is global per session.
  • Always call driver.quit() at the end. Calling driver.close() only closes the current window; quit() kills the entire session and the browser process.
  • Selenium Manager (bundled) downloads the matching ChromeDriver automatically on first run. No manual driver setup is needed on fresh installs.