Selenium SOP

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Install ​

Selenium WebDriver is available for six languages. Install the binding for your language. No separate WebDriver binary download is required from Selenium 4.6+ because Selenium Manager handles driver management automatically.

Python ​

bash
pip install selenium

Or pin to a specific version in requirements.txt:

selenium==4.41.0

JavaScript / Node.js ​

bash
npm install selenium-webdriver

Java (Maven) ​

Add to pom.xml:

xml
<dependency>
  <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
  <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
  <version>4.41.0</version>
</dependency>

Java (Gradle) ​

Add to build.gradle:

gradle
testImplementation "org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:4.41.0"

C# (.NET CLI) ​

bash
dotnet add package Selenium.WebDriver

Or via the NuGet Package Manager console:

powershell
Install-Package Selenium.WebDriver

Ruby ​

bash
gem install selenium-webdriver

Or in a Gemfile:

ruby
gem 'selenium-webdriver', '= 4.43.0'

Kotlin ​

Use the Java bindings. Add the same Maven or Gradle dependency as the Java setup above.

Notes ​

  • Selenium Manager (bundled since 4.6.0) automatically downloads the matching ChromeDriver, GeckoDriver, or EdgeDriver when your script runs. You no longer need to manage driver binaries manually on most setups.
  • Chrome must be installed on the machine where the script runs.
  • For headless operation, pass options.add_argument("--headless=new") (Python) or the equivalent for your language.